Web Design
Process of Conceptualization
Web design is a process of conceptualization, planning, modeling, and execution of electronic media delivery via Internet in the form of Markup language suitable for interpretation by Web browser and display as Graphical user interface (GUI). The intent of web design is to create a web site – a collection of electronic files that reside on a web server/servers and present content and interactive features/interfaces to the end user in form of Web pages once requested. Such elements as text, bit-mapped images (GIFs, JPEGs, PNGs), forms can be placed on the page using HTML/XHTML/XML tags. Displaying more complex media (vector graphics, animations, videos, sounds) requires plug-ins such as Flash, QuickTime, Java run-time environment, etc. Plug-ins are also embedded into web page by using HTML/XHTML tags.
More Information:
www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_designXML
Extensible Markup Language
XML (Extensible Markup Language) is a W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) initiative that allows information and services to be encoded with meaningful structure and semantics that computers and humans can understand. XML is great for information exchange, and can easily be extended to include user-specified and industry-specified tags.
More Information:
www.wikipedia.org/wiki/XMLHTML
Hypertext Markup Language
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is the predominant markup language for web pages. It provides a means to describe the structure of text-based information in a document by denoting certain text as headings, paragraphs, lists, and so on and to supplement that text with interactive forms, embedded images, and other objects. HTML is written in the form of labels (known as tags), surrounded by angle brackets. HTML can also describe, to some degree, the appearance and semantics of a document, and can include embedded scripting language code, which can affect the behavior of web browsers and other HTML processors.
More Information:
www.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTMLXHTML
Extensible Hypertext Markup Language
The Extensible HyperText Markup Language, or XHTML, is a markup language that has the same depth of expression as HTML, but also conforms to XML syntax. HTML is the antecedent technology to XHTML. The changes from HTML to first-generation XHTML 1.0 are minor and are mainly to achieve conformance with XML. The most important change is the requirement that the document must be well-formed and that all elements must be explicitly closed as required in XML. In XML, all element and attribute names are case-sensitive, so the XHTML approach has been to define all tag names to be lowercase.
More Information:
www.wikipedia.org/wiki/XHTMLCSS
Cascading Style Sheets
In web development, Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a stylesheet language used to describe the presentation of a document written in a markup language. Its most common application is to style web pages written in HTML and XHTML, but the language can be applied to any kind of XML document, including SVG and XUL. CSS is used by both the authors and readers of web pages to define colors, fonts, layout, and other aspects of document presentation.
More Information:
www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_SheetsPHP
Hypertext Preprocessor
PHP is a reflective programming language originally designed for producing dynamic web pages in the C programming language. PHP is used mainly in server-side scripting, but can be used from a command line interface or in standalone graphical applications. Textual User Interfaces can also be created using ncurses. PHP is a recursive acronym for "PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor". The main implementation is produced by The PHP Group and released under the PHP License. It is considered to be free software by the Free Software Foundation. This implementation serves to define a de facto standard for PHP, as there is no formal specification.
More Information:
www.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHPASP
Active Server Pages
Active Server Pages (ASP) is Microsoft's server-side script engine for dynamically-generated web pages. It is marketed as an add-on to Internet Information Services (IIS). Programming ASP websites is made easier by various built-in objects. Each object corresponds to a group of frequently-used functionality useful for creating dynamic web pages. In ASP 2.0 there are six such built-in objects: Application, ASPError, Request, Response, Server, and Session. Session, for example, is a cookie-based session object that maintains variables from page to page. Most ASP pages are written in VBScript, but any other Active Scripting engine can be selected instead by using the @Language directive or the <script language="language" runat="server"> syntax. JScript (Microsoft's implementation of ECMAScript) is the other language that is usually available. PerlScript (a derivative of Perl) and others are available as third-party installable Active Scripting engines.
More Information:
www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_Server_PagesASP .NET
Active Server Pages .NET
ASP.NET is a web application framework marketed by Microsoft that programmers can use to build dynamic web sites, web applications and XML web services. It is part of Microsoft's .NET platform and is the successor to Microsoft's Active Server Pages (ASP) technology. ASP.NET is built on the Common Language Runtime, meaning programmers can write ASP.NET code using any Microsoft .NET language.
More Information:
www.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NETPerl
Practical Extraction and Reporting Language
Perl is a dynamic programming language created by Larry Wall and first released in 1987. Perl borrows features from a variety of other languages including C, shell scripting (sh), AWK, sed and Lisp. Structurally, Perl is based on the brace-delimited block style of AWK and C, and was widely adopted for its strengths in string processing and lack of the arbitrary limitations of many scripting languages at the time.
More Information:
www.wikipedia.org/wiki/PerlColdFusion
Software Development Framework
ColdFusion is an application server and software development framework used for the development of computer software in general, and dynamic web sites in particular. In this regard, ColdFusion is a similar product to Microsoft ASP.NET, Java Enterprise Edition or PHP. The primary feature of ColdFusion is its associated scripting language, ColdFusion Markup Language (CFML), which compares to JSP, C#, or PHP and resembles HTML in syntax. "ColdFusion" is often used synonymously with "CFML", but it should be noted that there are additional CFML application servers besides ColdFusion, and that ColdFusion supports programming languages other than CFML, such as server-side Actionscript and embedded scripts that can be written in a JavaScript-like language, known as CFScript.
More Information:
www.wikipedia.org/wiki/ColdFusionJavaScript
Client-side Web Development
JavaScript is a scripting language most often used for client-side web development. "JavaScript" is an implementation of the ECMAScript standard. JavaScript is a dynamic, weakly typed, prototype-based language with first-class functions. JavaScript was influenced by many languages and was designed to have a similar look to Java, but be easier for non-programmers to work with. The language is best known for its use in websites (as client-side JavaScript), but is also used to enable scripting access to objects embedded in other applicatios. Despite the name, JavaScript is unrelated to the Java programming language; though both have a common debt to C syntax. The language was renamed from LiveScript in a co-marketing deal between Netscape and Sun in exchange for Netscape bundling Sun's Java runtime with their browser, which was dominant at the time. JavaScript semantics is much more similar to the Self programming language.
More Information:
www.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaScriptAjax
Asynchronous JavaScript and XML
AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) is a web development technique used for creating interactive web applications. The intent is to make web pages feel more responsive by exchanging small amounts of data with the server behind the scenes, so that the entire web page does not have to be reloaded each time the user requests a change. This is intended to increase the web page's interactivity, speed, functionality, and usability. Ajax is asynchronous in that loading does not interfere with normal page loading. JavaScript is the programming language in which Ajax function calls are made. Data retrieved using the technique is commonly formatted using XML, as reflected in the naming of the XMLHttpRequest object from which Ajax is derived. Ajax is a cross-platform technique usable on many different operating systems, computer architectures, and Web browsers as it is based on open standards such as JavaScript and XML, together with open source implementations of other required technologies.
More Information:
www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajax_(programming)Ruby on Rails
Web Application Framework
Ruby on Rails is a free web application framework that aims to increase the speed and ease with which database-driven web sites can be created and offers skeleton code frameworks (scaffolding) from the outset. Often shortened to Rails, or RoR, Ruby on Rails is an open source project written in the Ruby programming language and applications using the Rails framework are developed using the Model-View-Controller design pattern.
More Information:
www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_on_RailsMySQL
Relational Database Management System
MySQL is a multithreaded, multi-user SQL database management system which has, according to MySQL AB, more than 10 million installations. The basic program runs as a server providing multiuser access to a number of databases. MySQL is owned and sponsored by a single for-profit firm, the Swedish company MySQL AB, which holds the copyright to most of the codebase. This is similar to the JBoss model. It is dissimilar to the Apache project, where the software is developed by a public community and the copyright to the code base is owned by its individual authors.
More Information:
www.wikipedia.org/wiki/MySQLMS SQL
Relational Database Management System
Microsoft SQL Server is a relational database management system (RDBMS) produced by Microsoft. Its primary query language is Transact-SQL, an implementation of the ANSI/ISO standard Structured Query Language (SQL) used by both Microsoft and Sybase.
More Information:
www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_SQL_ServerOracle
Relational Database Management System
Oracle Database (commonly referred to as Oracle RDBMS or simply as Oracle) is a relational database management system (RDBMS) software product released by Oracle Corporation that has become a major feature of database computing. Larry Ellison and his friends and former co-workers Bob Miner and Ed Oates started the consultancy Software Development Laboratories (SDL) in 1977. SDL developed the original version of the Oracle software. The name Oracle comes from the code-name of a CIA-funded project Ellison had worked on while previously employed by Ampex.
More Information:
www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle_Database
Flash
Multimedia Applications
Adobe Flash Professional is used to create content for the Adobe Engagement Platform (such as web applications, games and movies, and content for mobile phones and other embedded devices). The Flash Player, developed and distributed by Adobe Systems (which acquired Macromedia in a merger that was finalized in December 2005), is a client application available in most common web browsers. It features support for vector and raster graphics, a scripting language called ActionScript and bi-directional streaming of audio and video. There are also versions of the Flash Player for mobile phones and other non-PC devices. Since its introduction in 1996, Flash technology has become a popular method for adding animation and interactivity to web pages; several software products, systems, and devices are able to create or display Flash. Flash is commonly used to create animation, advertisements, various web-page components, to integrate video into web pages, and more recently, to develop rich Internet applications.
More Information:
www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_FlashActionScript
Flash Scripting
ActionScript is a scripting language based on ECMAScript (Javascript), used primarily for the development of websites and software using the Adobe Flash Player platform (in the form of SWF files embedded into Web pages). Originally developed by Macromedia, the language is now owned by Adobe (which acquired Macromedia in 2005) which continues its development. ActionScript was initially designed for controlling simple 2D vector animations made in Adobe Flash (formerly Macromedia Flash). Later versions added functionality allowing for the creation of Web-based games and rich Internet applications with streaming media (such as video and audio).
More Information:
www.wikipedia.org/wiki/ActionScript
C#
Object-Oriented Programming Language
C# is an object-oriented programming language developed by Microsoft as part of the .NET initiative and later approved as a standard by ECMA and ISO. Anders Hejlsberg leads development of the C# language, which has a procedural, object-oriented syntax based on C++ and includes aspects of several other programming languages (most notably Delphi and Java) with a particular emphasis on simplification.
More Information:
www.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_Sharp_(programming_language)C++
General-Purpose Programming Language
C++ is a general-purpose programming language with high-level and low-level capabilities. It is a statically-typed, free-form, multi-paradigm, usually compiled language supporting procedural programming, data abstraction, object-oriented programming and generic programming. C++ is regarded as a mid-level language. This indicates that C++ compromises a combination of both high-level and low-level language features.
More Information:
www.wikipedia.org/wiki/C++Visual Basic
Event-Driven Programming Language
Visual Basic (VB) is an event driven programming language and associated development environment from Microsoft for its COM programming model. Visual Basic was derived from BASIC and enables the rapid application development (RAD) of graphical user interface (GUI) applications, access to databases using DAO, RDO, or ADO, and creation of ActiveX controls and objects. Scripting languages such as VBA and VBScript are syntactically similar to Visual Basic, but perform differently.
More Information:
www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_Basic
